Choosing the right paper for your printing project can be as important as the design itself. Paper selection significantly impacts the look, feel, durability, and cost of your printed materials. Whether you're printing business cards, brochures, posters, or packaging, understanding paper types helps ensure your final product achieves the desired impression and performs as needed.

In this comprehensive guide, we'll explore the key factors to consider when selecting paper for your printing projects.

Understanding Paper Weight

Paper weight is one of the most fundamental characteristics to consider. In the UK and Europe, paper weight is typically measured in grams per square meter (gsm), while in the US it's often measured in pounds (lb). Higher numbers indicate heavier, thicker paper.

Here's a general guide to common paper weights and their typical uses:

Weight (gsm) Feel Common Uses
80-100 gsm Light, flexible Letterheads, everyday documents, internal communications
120-170 gsm Medium weight, semi-rigid Flyers, posters, menus, brochures
200-250 gsm Heavy, stiff Book covers, postcards, premium brochures
300-350 gsm Very heavy, rigid Business cards, luxury invitations, presentation folders
350+ gsm Extra heavy, very rigid Premium business cards, luxury packaging, presentation cards

Pro Tip:

When selecting paper weight, consider how the item will be handled. Items that will be frequently handled (like business cards) benefit from heavier stocks, while items that need to be folded or mailed may require more flexibility.

Paper Finishes and Coatings

The finish of paper refers to its surface texture and appearance. The most common finishes are:

Uncoated Paper

Uncoated paper has no surface sealant, giving it a natural, tactile feel. It's highly absorbent, which means ink may appear slightly muted as it sinks into the paper. Uncoated papers are excellent for:

  • Letterheads and stationery
  • Books and publications where readability is paramount
  • Projects that will be written on (notes, forms)
  • Rustic or natural-looking designs

Coated Paper

Coated papers have a surface sealant that provides a smoother finish and allows ink to sit on top of the paper rather than being absorbed. This results in sharper, more vibrant printing. Coated papers come in several varieties:

  • Gloss: Highly reflective finish that makes colors appear vibrant and images sharp. Ideal for magazines, catalogs, and marketing materials where image reproduction is critical.
  • Silk/Satin: Less reflective than gloss but still smooth with a subtle sheen. Offers good readability with vibrant image reproduction. Perfect for brochures, flyers, and marketing materials that balance text and images.
  • Matte: Non-reflective finish with excellent readability. Good for text-heavy materials or where a premium, understated look is desired.
  • Soft-touch: Features a velvety feel that adds a tactile luxury element. Ideal for high-end marketing materials, book covers, and premium packaging.
Paper Finish Comparison
Comparison of gloss, silk, and matte finishes showing different light reflection properties

Specialty Papers and Treatments

Beyond standard papers, there are numerous specialty options that can make your printed materials stand out:

Textured Papers

Textured papers feature distinct surface patterns that add tactile interest:

  • Laid: Features parallel lines that resemble handmade paper
  • Linen: Has a subtle crosshatch texture resembling fabric
  • Felt: Offers a soft, fuzzy texture
  • Hammered: Features an irregular, hammered metal-like texture

Metallic Papers

Papers with metallic flecks or coatings that add shimmer and shine, ideal for luxury packaging, invitations, and high-end marketing materials.

Recycled Papers

Available in various finishes and weights, recycled papers contain post-consumer waste and are ideal for environmentally conscious brands.

Special Treatments

After printing, papers can receive special treatments that enhance their appearance and function:

  • Spot UV: Adds glossy, raised elements to specific areas of a design
  • Foil Stamping: Applies metallic or colored foil to create shiny elements
  • Embossing/Debossing: Creates raised or recessed areas for a tactile effect
  • Die-cutting: Cuts custom shapes into the paper

Environmental Considerations

As sustainability becomes increasingly important, many print buyers are considering the environmental impact of their paper choices:

Certifications to Look For

  • FSC (Forest Stewardship Council): Ensures paper comes from responsibly managed forests
  • PEFC (Programme for the Endorsement of Forest Certification): Similar to FSC, promotes sustainable forest management
  • Recycled Content: Indicates the percentage of post-consumer waste in the paper
  • Carbon Neutral: Indicates the manufacturer has offset the carbon emissions from production

Eco-friendly paper options include:

  • 100% recycled papers
  • Tree-free papers made from bamboo, cotton, or agricultural waste
  • Papers manufactured using renewable energy
  • Papers produced with reduced water consumption

Choosing Paper for Specific Projects

Different projects have different requirements. Here are some recommendations for common print items:

Business Cards

Opt for heavier stocks (300-450 gsm) that convey quality and durability. Popular choices include:

  • Uncoated textured stock for a traditional, sophisticated feel
  • Silk/matte finish for modern, clean designs
  • Specialty papers like metallic or soft-touch for luxury brands

Brochures and Flyers

Consider the balance between durability and foldability:

  • 150-170 gsm silk or gloss for standard brochures
  • 200-250 gsm for premium, less frequently folded pieces
  • Uncoated stock for pieces that may need to be written on

Posters and Signage

Durability and visual impact are key:

  • 170-200 gsm gloss for vibrant indoor posters
  • Waterproof options for outdoor use
  • Heavier stocks (250+ gsm) for free-standing displays

Final Thoughts

Selecting the right paper is a balance between aesthetics, function, budget, and environmental considerations. The paper you choose communicates as much about your brand as the design printed on it.

When in doubt, request paper samples before committing to a large print run. Seeing and feeling different options can help you make an informed decision that will ensure your printed materials make the right impression.

At Pendle Print Studio, we offer a wide range of paper stocks and can provide expert guidance on selecting the perfect paper for your specific project. Contact us today to discuss your printing needs or request paper samples.